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#!/bin/sh #--------------------------------------------- # xdg-open # # Utility script to open a URL in the registered default application. # # Refer to the usage() function below for usage. # # Copyright 2009-2010, Fathi Boudra <fabo@freedesktop.org> # Copyright 2009-2010, Rex Dieter <rdieter@fedoraproject.org> # Copyright 2006, Kevin Krammer <kevin.krammer@gmx.at> # Copyright 2006, Jeremy White <jwhite@codeweavers.com> # # LICENSE: # # Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a # copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), # to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation # the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, # and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the # Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: # # The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included # in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. # # THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS # OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL # THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR # OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, # ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR # OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. # #--------------------------------------------- manualpage() { cat << _MANUALPAGE Name xdg-open - opens a file or URL in the user's preferred application Synopsis xdg-open { file | URL } xdg-open { --help | --manual | --version } Description xdg-open opens a file or URL in the user's preferred application. If a URL is provided the URL will be opened in the user's preferred web browser. If a file is provided the file will be opened in the preferred application for files of that type. xdg-open supports file, ftp, http and https URLs. xdg-open is for use inside a desktop session only. It is not recommended to use xdg-open as root. Options --help Show command synopsis. --manual Show this manual page. --version Show the xdg-utils version information. Exit Codes An exit code of 0 indicates success while a non-zero exit code indicates failure. The following failure codes can be returned: 1 Error in command line syntax. 2 One of the files passed on the command line did not exist. 3 A required tool could not be found. 4 The action failed. See Also xdg-mime(1), xdg-settings(1), MIME applications associations specification Examples xdg-open 'http://www.freedesktop.org/' Opens the freedesktop.org website in the user's default browser. xdg-open /tmp/foobar.png Opens the PNG image file /tmp/foobar.png in the user's default image viewing application. _MANUALPAGE } usage() { cat << _USAGE xdg-open - opens a file or URL in the user's preferred application Synopsis xdg-open { file | URL } xdg-open { --help | --manual | --version } _USAGE } #@xdg-utils-common@ #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Common utility functions included in all XDG wrapper scripts #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- DEBUG() { [ -z "${XDG_UTILS_DEBUG_LEVEL}" ] && return 0; [ ${XDG_UTILS_DEBUG_LEVEL} -lt $1 ] && return 0; shift echo "$@" >&2 } # This handles backslashes but not quote marks. first_word() { read first rest echo "$first" } #------------------------------------------------------------- # map a binary to a .desktop file binary_to_desktop_file() { search="${XDG_DATA_HOME:-$HOME/.local/share}:${XDG_DATA_DIRS:-/usr/local/share:/usr/share}" binary="`which "$1"`" binary="`readlink -f "$binary"`" base="`basename "$binary"`" IFS=: for dir in $search; do unset IFS [ "$dir" ] || continue [ -d "$dir/applications" ] || [ -d "$dir/applnk" ] || continue for file in "$dir"/applications/*.desktop "$dir"/applications/*/*.desktop "$dir"/applnk/*.desktop "$dir"/applnk/*/*.desktop; do [ -r "$file" ] || continue # Check to make sure it's worth the processing. grep -q "^Exec.*$base" "$file" || continue # Make sure it's a visible desktop file (e.g. not "preferred-web-browser.desktop"). grep -Eq "^(NoDisplay|Hidden)=true" "$file" && continue command="`grep -E "^Exec(\[[^]=]*])?=" "$file" | cut -d= -f 2- | first_word`" command="`which "$command"`" if [ x"`readlink -f "$command"`" = x"$binary" ]; then # Fix any double slashes that got added path composition echo "$file" | sed -e 's,//*,/,g' return fi done done } #------------------------------------------------------------- # map a .desktop file to a binary desktop_file_to_binary() { search="${XDG_DATA_HOME:-$HOME/.local/share}:${XDG_DATA_DIRS:-/usr/local/share:/usr/share}" desktop="`basename "$1"`" IFS=: for dir in $search; do unset IFS [ "$dir" ] && [ -d "$dir/applications" ] || [ -d "$dir/applnk" ] || continue # Check if desktop file contains - if [ "${desktop#*-}" != "$desktop" ]; then vendor=${desktop%-*} app=${desktop#*-} if [ -r "$dir/applications/$vendor/$app" ]; then file_path=$dir/applications/$vendor/$app elif [ -r "$dir/applnk/$vendor/$app" ]; then file_path=$dir/applnk/$vendor/$app fi fi if test -z "$file_path" ; then for indir in "$dir"/applications/ "$dir"/applications/*/ "$dir"/applnk/ "$dir"/applnk/*/; do file="$indir/$desktop" if [ -r "$file" ]; then file_path=$file break fi done fi if [ -r "$file_path" ]; then # Remove any arguments (%F, %f, %U, %u, etc.). command="`grep -E "^Exec(\[[^]=]*])?=" "$file_path" | cut -d= -f 2- | first_word`" command="`which "$command"`" readlink -f "$command" return fi done } #------------------------------------------------------------- # Exit script on successfully completing the desired operation exit_success() { if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then echo "$@" echo fi exit 0 } #----------------------------------------- # Exit script on malformed arguments, not enough arguments # or missing required option. # prints usage information exit_failure_syntax() { if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then echo "xdg-open: $@" >&2 echo "Try 'xdg-open --help' for more information." >&2 else usage echo "Use 'man xdg-open' or 'xdg-open --manual' for additional info." fi exit 1 } #------------------------------------------------------------- # Exit script on missing file specified on command line exit_failure_file_missing() { if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then echo "xdg-open: $@" >&2 fi exit 2 } #------------------------------------------------------------- # Exit script on failure to locate necessary tool applications exit_failure_operation_impossible() { if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then echo "xdg-open: $@" >&2 fi exit 3 } #------------------------------------------------------------- # Exit script on failure returned by a tool application exit_failure_operation_failed() { if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then echo "xdg-open: $@" >&2 fi exit 4 } #------------------------------------------------------------ # Exit script on insufficient permission to read a specified file exit_failure_file_permission_read() { if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then echo "xdg-open: $@" >&2 fi exit 5 } #------------------------------------------------------------ # Exit script on insufficient permission to write a specified file exit_failure_file_permission_write() { if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then echo "xdg-open: $@" >&2 fi exit 6 } check_input_file() { if [ ! -e "$1" ]; then exit_failure_file_missing "file '$1' does not exist" fi if [ ! -r "$1" ]; then exit_failure_file_permission_read "no permission to read file '$1'" fi } check_vendor_prefix() { file_label="$2" [ -n "$file_label" ] || file_label="filename" file=`basename "$1"` case "$file" in [[:alpha:]]*-*) return ;; esac echo "xdg-open: $file_label '$file' does not have a proper vendor prefix" >&2 echo 'A vendor prefix consists of alpha characters ([a-zA-Z]) and is terminated' >&2 echo 'with a dash ("-"). An example '"$file_label"' is '"'example-$file'" >&2 echo "Use --novendor to override or 'xdg-open --manual' for additional info." >&2 exit 1 } check_output_file() { # if the file exists, check if it is writeable # if it does not exists, check if we are allowed to write on the directory if [ -e "$1" ]; then if [ ! -w "$1" ]; then exit_failure_file_permission_write "no permission to write to file '$1'" fi else DIR=`dirname "$1"` if [ ! -w "$DIR" ] || [ ! -x "$DIR" ]; then exit_failure_file_permission_write "no permission to create file '$1'" fi fi } #---------------------------------------- # Checks for shared commands, e.g. --help check_common_commands() { while [ $# -gt 0 ] ; do parm="$1" shift case "$parm" in --help) usage echo "Use 'man xdg-open' or 'xdg-open --manual' for additional info." exit_success ;; --manual) manualpage exit_success ;; --version) echo "xdg-open 1.1.3" exit_success ;; esac done } check_common_commands "$@" [ -z "${XDG_UTILS_DEBUG_LEVEL}" ] && unset XDG_UTILS_DEBUG_LEVEL; if [ ${XDG_UTILS_DEBUG_LEVEL-0} -lt 1 ]; then # Be silent xdg_redirect_output=" > /dev/null 2> /dev/null" else # All output to stderr xdg_redirect_output=" >&2" fi #-------------------------------------- # Checks for known desktop environments # set variable DE to the desktop environments name, lowercase detectDE() { # see https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=34164 unset GREP_OPTIONS if [ -n "${XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP}" ]; then case "${XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP}" in # only recently added to menu-spec, pre-spec X- still in use Cinnamon|X-Cinnamon) DE=cinnamon; ;; ENLIGHTENMENT) DE=enlightenment; ;; # GNOME, GNOME-Classic:GNOME, or GNOME-Flashback:GNOME GNOME*) DE=gnome; ;; KDE) DE=kde; ;; DEEPIN|Deepin|deepin) DE=deepin; ;; LXDE) DE=lxde; ;; LXQt) DE=lxqt; ;; MATE) DE=mate; ;; XFCE) DE=xfce ;; X-Generic) DE=generic ;; esac fi if [ x"$DE" = x"" ]; then # classic fallbacks if [ x"$KDE_FULL_SESSION" != x"" ]; then DE=kde; elif [ x"$GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID" != x"" ]; then DE=gnome; elif [ x"$MATE_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID" != x"" ]; then DE=mate; elif `dbus-send --print-reply --dest=org.freedesktop.DBus /org/freedesktop/DBus org.freedesktop.DBus.GetNameOwner string:org.gnome.SessionManager > /dev/null 2>&1` ; then DE=gnome; elif xprop -root _DT_SAVE_MODE 2> /dev/null | grep ' = \"xfce4\"$' >/dev/null 2>&1; then DE=xfce; elif xprop -root 2> /dev/null | grep -i '^xfce_desktop_window' >/dev/null 2>&1; then DE=xfce elif echo $DESKTOP | grep -q '^Enlightenment'; then DE=enlightenment; elif [ x"$LXQT_SESSION_CONFIG" != x"" ]; then DE=lxqt; fi fi if [ x"$DE" = x"" ]; then # fallback to checking $DESKTOP_SESSION case "$DESKTOP_SESSION" in gnome) DE=gnome; ;; LXDE|Lubuntu) DE=lxde; ;; MATE) DE=mate; ;; xfce|xfce4|'Xfce Session') DE=xfce; ;; esac fi if [ x"$DE" = x"" ]; then # fallback to uname output for other platforms case "$(uname 2>/dev/null)" in CYGWIN*) DE=cygwin; ;; Darwin) DE=darwin; ;; esac fi if [ x"$DE" = x"gnome" ]; then # gnome-default-applications-properties is only available in GNOME 2.x # but not in GNOME 3.x which gnome-default-applications-properties > /dev/null 2>&1 || DE="gnome3" fi if [ -f "$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/flatpak-info" ]; then DE="flatpak" fi } #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- # kfmclient exec/openURL can give bogus exit value in KDE <= 3.5.4 # It also always returns 1 in KDE 3.4 and earlier # Simply return 0 in such case kfmclient_fix_exit_code() { version=`LC_ALL=C.UTF-8 kde-config --version 2>/dev/null | grep '^KDE'` major=`echo $version | sed 's/KDE.*: \([0-9]\).*/\1/'` minor=`echo $version | sed 's/KDE.*: [0-9]*\.\([0-9]\).*/\1/'` release=`echo $version | sed 's/KDE.*: [0-9]*\.[0-9]*\.\([0-9]\).*/\1/'` test "$major" -gt 3 && return $1 test "$minor" -gt 5 && return $1 test "$release" -gt 4 && return $1 return 0 } #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Returns true if there is a graphical display attached. has_display() { if [ -n "$DISPLAY" ] || [ -n "$WAYLAND_DISPLAY" ]; then return 0 else return 1 fi } # This handles backslashes but not quote marks. last_word() { read first rest echo "$rest" } # Get the value of a key in a desktop file's Desktop Entry group. # Example: Use get_key foo.desktop Exec # to get the values of the Exec= key for the Desktop Entry group. get_key() { local file="${1}" local key="${2}" local desktop_entry="" IFS_="${IFS}" IFS="" while read line do case "$line" in "[Desktop Entry]") desktop_entry="y" ;; # Reset match flag for other groups "["*) desktop_entry="" ;; "${key}="*) # Only match Desktop Entry group if [ -n "${desktop_entry}" ] then echo "${line}" | cut -d= -f 2- fi esac done < "${file}" IFS="${IFS_}" } # Returns true if argument is a file:// URL or path is_file_url_or_path() { if echo "$1" | grep -q '^file://' \ || ! echo "$1" | egrep -q '^[[:alpha:]+\.\-]+:'; then return 0 else return 1 fi } # If argument is a file URL, convert it to a (percent-decoded) path. # If not, leave it as it is. file_url_to_path() { local file="$1" if echo "$file" | grep -q '^file:///'; then file=${file#file://} file=${file%%#*} file=$(echo "$file" | sed -r 's/\?.*$//') local printf=printf if [ -x /usr/bin/printf ]; then printf=/usr/bin/printf fi file=$($printf "$(echo "$file" | sed -e 's@%\([a-f0-9A-F]\{2\}\)@\\x\1@g')") fi echo "$file" } open_cygwin() { cygstart "$1" if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then exit_success else exit_failure_operation_failed fi } open_darwin() { open "$1" if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then exit_success else exit_failure_operation_failed fi } open_kde() { if [ -n "${KDE_SESSION_VERSION}" ]; then case "${KDE_SESSION_VERSION}" in 4) kde-open "$1" ;; 5) kde-open${KDE_SESSION_VERSION} "$1" ;; esac else kfmclient exec "$1" kfmclient_fix_exit_code $? fi if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then exit_success else exit_failure_operation_failed fi } open_deepin() { if dde-open -version >/dev/null 2>&1; then dde-open "$1" else open_generic "$1" fi if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then exit_success else exit_failure_operation_failed fi } open_gnome3() { if gio help open 2>/dev/null 1>&2; then gio open "$1" elif gvfs-open --help 2>/dev/null 1>&2; then gvfs-open "$1" else open_generic "$1" fi if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then exit_success else exit_failure_operation_failed fi } open_gnome() { if gio help open 2>/dev/null 1>&2; then gio open "$1" elif gvfs-open --help 2>/dev/null 1>&2; then gvfs-open "$1" elif gnome-open --help 2>/dev/null 1>&2; then gnome-open "$1" else open_generic "$1" fi if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then exit_success else exit_failure_operation_failed fi } open_mate() { if gio help open 2>/dev/null 1>&2; then gio open "$1" elif gvfs-open --help 2>/dev/null 1>&2; then gvfs-open "$1" elif mate-open --help 2>/dev/null 1>&2; then mate-open "$1" else open_generic "$1" fi if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then exit_success else exit_failure_operation_failed fi } open_xfce() { if exo-open --help 2>/dev/null 1>&2; then exo-open "$1" elif gio help open 2>/dev/null 1>&2; then gio open "$1" elif gvfs-open --help 2>/dev/null 1>&2; then gvfs-open "$1" else open_generic "$1" fi if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then exit_success else exit_failure_operation_failed fi } open_enlightenment() { if enlightenment_open --help 2>/dev/null 1>&2; then enlightenment_open "$1" else open_generic "$1" fi if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then exit_success else exit_failure_operation_failed fi } open_flatpak() { gdbus call --session \ --dest org.freedesktop.portal.Desktop \ --object-path /org/freedesktop/portal/desktop \ --method org.freedesktop.portal.OpenURI.OpenURI \ "" "$1" {} if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then exit_success else exit_failure_operation_failed fi } #----------------------------------------- # Recursively search .desktop file search_desktop_file() { local default="$1" local dir="$2" local target="$3" local file="" # look for both vendor-app.desktop, vendor/app.desktop if [ -r "$dir/$default" ]; then file="$dir/$default" elif [ -r "$dir/`echo $default | sed -e 's|-|/|'`" ]; then file="$dir/`echo $default | sed -e 's|-|/|'`" fi if [ -r "$file" ] ; then command="$(get_key "${file}" "Exec" | first_word)" command_exec=`which $command 2>/dev/null` icon="$(get_key "${file}" "Icon")" # FIXME: Actually LC_MESSAGES should be used as described in # http://standards.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/latest/ar01s04.html localised_name="$(get_key "${file}" "Name")" set -- $(get_key "${file}" "Exec" | last_word) # We need to replace any occurrence of "%f", "%F" and # the like by the target file. We examine each # argument and append the modified argument to the # end then shift. local args=$# local replaced=0 while [ $args -gt 0 ]; do case $1 in %[c]) replaced=1 arg="${localised_name}" shift set -- "$@" "$arg" ;; %[fFuU]) replaced=1 arg="$target" shift set -- "$@" "$arg" ;; %[i]) replaced=1 shift set -- "$@" "--icon" "$icon" ;; *) arg="$1" shift set -- "$@" "$arg" ;; esac args=$(( $args - 1 )) done [ $replaced -eq 1 ] || set -- "$@" "$target" local term_run= if [ "$(get_key "$file" Terminal)" = true ] && ! ( : <>/dev/tty ) 2>/dev/null; then if [ -z "$TERMINAL" ]; then term_run="x-terminal-emulator -e" elif echo "$TERMINAL" | grep -q -v '\s'; then term_run="$TERMINAL -e" else term_run="$TERMINAL" fi fi $term_run "$command_exec" "$@" if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then exit_success else exit_failure_operation_failed fi fi for d in "$dir/"*/; do [ -d "$d" ] && search_desktop_file "$default" "$d" "$target" done } open_generic_xdg_mime() { filetype="$2" default=`xdg-mime query default "$filetype"` if [ -n "$default" ] ; then xdg_user_dir="$XDG_DATA_HOME" [ -n "$xdg_user_dir" ] || xdg_user_dir="$HOME/.local/share" xdg_system_dirs="$XDG_DATA_DIRS" [ -n "$xdg_system_dirs" ] || xdg_system_dirs=/usr/local/share/:/usr/share/ DEBUG 3 "$xdg_user_dir:$xdg_system_dirs" for x in `echo "$xdg_user_dir:$xdg_system_dirs" | sed 's/:/ /g'`; do search_desktop_file "$default" "$x/applications/" "$1" done fi } open_generic_xdg_file_mime() { filetype=`xdg-mime query filetype "$1" | sed "s/;.*//"` open_generic_xdg_mime "$1" "$filetype" } open_generic_xdg_x_scheme_handler() { scheme="`echo $1 | sed -n 's/\(^[[:alnum:]+\.-]*\):.*$/\1/p'`" if [ -n $scheme ]; then filetype="x-scheme-handler/$scheme" open_generic_xdg_mime "$1" "$filetype" fi } open_envvar() { local url="$1" local oldifs="$IFS" local browser browser_with_arg IFS=":" for browser in $BROWSER; do IFS="$oldifs" if [ -z "$browser" ]; then continue fi if echo "$browser" | grep -q %s; then # Use loop to insert URL for avoid argument injection. # See https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=103807 shift $# for arg in $browser; do set -- "$@" "$(printf -- "$arg" "$url")" done "$@" else $browser "$url" fi if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then exit_success fi done } open_generic() { if is_file_url_or_path "$1"; then local file="$(file_url_to_path "$1")" check_input_file "$file" if has_display; then filetype=`xdg-mime query filetype "$file" | sed "s/;.*//"` open_generic_xdg_mime "$file" "$filetype" fi if which run-mailcap 2>/dev/null 1>&2; then run-mailcap --action=view "$file" if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then exit_success fi fi if has_display && mimeopen -v 2>/dev/null 1>&2; then mimeopen -L -n "$file" if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then exit_success fi fi fi if has_display; then open_generic_xdg_x_scheme_handler "$1" fi if [ -n "$BROWSER" ]; then open_envvar "$1" fi # if BROWSER variable is not set, check some well known browsers instead if [ x"$BROWSER" = x"" ]; then BROWSER=www-browser:links2:elinks:links:lynx:w3m if has_display; then BROWSER=x-www-browser:firefox:iceweasel:seamonkey:mozilla:epiphany:konqueror:chromium:chromium-browser:google-chrome:$BROWSER fi fi open_envvar "$1" exit_failure_operation_impossible "no method available for opening '$1'" } open_lxde() { # pcmanfm only knows how to handle file:// urls and filepaths, it seems. if pcmanfm --help >/dev/null 2>&1 && is_file_url_or_path "$1"; then local file="$(file_url_to_path "$1")" # handle relative paths if ! echo "$file" | grep -q ^/; then file="$(pwd)/$file" fi pcmanfm "$file" else open_generic "$1" fi if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then exit_success else exit_failure_operation_failed fi } open_lxqt() { open_generic "$1" } [ x"$1" != x"" ] || exit_failure_syntax url= while [ $# -gt 0 ] ; do parm="$1" shift case "$parm" in -*) exit_failure_syntax "unexpected option '$parm'" ;; *) if [ -n "$url" ] ; then exit_failure_syntax "unexpected argument '$parm'" fi url="$parm" ;; esac done if [ -z "${url}" ] ; then exit_failure_syntax "file or URL argument missing" fi detectDE if [ x"$DE" = x"" ]; then DE=generic fi DEBUG 2 "Selected DE $DE" # sanitize BROWSER (avoid caling ourselves in particular) case "${BROWSER}" in *:"xdg-open"|"xdg-open":*) BROWSER=$(echo $BROWSER | sed -e 's|:xdg-open||g' -e 's|xdg-open:||g') ;; "xdg-open") BROWSER= ;; esac case "$DE" in kde) open_kde "$url" ;; deepin) open_deepin "$url" ;; gnome3|cinnamon) open_gnome3 "$url" ;; gnome) open_gnome "$url" ;; mate) open_mate "$url" ;; xfce) open_xfce "$url" ;; lxde) open_lxde "$url" ;; lxqt) open_lxqt "$url" ;; enlightenment) open_enlightenment "$url" ;; cygwin) open_cygwin "$url" ;; darwin) open_darwin "$url" ;; flatpak) open_flatpak "$url" ;; generic) open_generic "$url" ;; *) exit_failure_operation_impossible "no method available for opening '$url'" ;; esac