JezK
Edit File: test_pageelement.py
"""Tests of the bs4.element.PageElement class""" import copy import pickle import pytest from bs4 import BeautifulSoup from bs4.element import ( Comment, SoupStrainer, ) from . import ( SoupTest, SOUP_SIEVE_PRESENT, ) if SOUP_SIEVE_PRESENT: from soupsieve import SelectorSyntaxError class TestEncoding(SoupTest): """Test the ability to encode objects into strings.""" def test_unicode_string_can_be_encoded(self): html = "<b>\N{SNOWMAN}</b>" soup = self.soup(html) assert soup.b.string.encode("utf-8") == "\N{SNOWMAN}".encode("utf-8") def test_tag_containing_unicode_string_can_be_encoded(self): html = "<b>\N{SNOWMAN}</b>" soup = self.soup(html) assert soup.b.encode("utf-8") == html.encode("utf-8") def test_encoding_substitutes_unrecognized_characters_by_default(self): html = "<b>\N{SNOWMAN}</b>" soup = self.soup(html) assert soup.b.encode("ascii") == b"<b>☃</b>" def test_encoding_can_be_made_strict(self): html = "<b>\N{SNOWMAN}</b>" soup = self.soup(html) with pytest.raises(UnicodeEncodeError): soup.encode("ascii", errors="strict") def test_decode_contents(self): html = "<b>\N{SNOWMAN}</b>" soup = self.soup(html) assert "\N{SNOWMAN}" == soup.b.decode_contents() def test_encode_contents(self): html = "<b>\N{SNOWMAN}</b>" soup = self.soup(html) assert "\N{SNOWMAN}".encode("utf8") == soup.b.encode_contents( encoding="utf8" ) def test_deprecated_renderContents(self): html = "<b>\N{SNOWMAN}</b>" soup = self.soup(html) assert "\N{SNOWMAN}".encode("utf8") == soup.b.renderContents() def test_repr(self): html = "<b>\N{SNOWMAN}</b>" soup = self.soup(html) assert html == repr(soup) class TestFormatters(SoupTest): """Test the formatting feature, used by methods like decode() and prettify(), and the formatters themselves. """ def test_default_formatter_is_minimal(self): markup = "<b><<Sacr\N{LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE} bleu!>></b>" soup = self.soup(markup) decoded = soup.decode(formatter="minimal") # The < is converted back into < but the e-with-acute is left alone. assert decoded == self.document_for( "<b><<Sacr\N{LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE} bleu!>></b>" ) def test_formatter_html(self): markup = "<br><b><<Sacr\N{LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE} bleu!>></b>" soup = self.soup(markup) decoded = soup.decode(formatter="html") assert decoded == self.document_for( "<br/><b><<Sacré bleu!>></b>" ) def test_formatter_html5(self): markup = "<br><b><<Sacr\N{LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE} bleu!>></b>" soup = self.soup(markup) decoded = soup.decode(formatter="html5") assert decoded == self.document_for( "<br><b><<Sacré bleu!>></b>" ) def test_formatter_minimal(self): markup = "<b><<Sacr\N{LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE} bleu!>></b>" soup = self.soup(markup) decoded = soup.decode(formatter="minimal") # The < is converted back into < but the e-with-acute is left alone. assert decoded == self.document_for( "<b><<Sacr\N{LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE} bleu!>></b>" ) def test_formatter_null(self): markup = "<b><<Sacr\N{LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE} bleu!>></b>" soup = self.soup(markup) decoded = soup.decode(formatter=None) # Neither the angle brackets nor the e-with-acute are converted. # This is not valid HTML, but it's what the user wanted. assert decoded == self.document_for( "<b><<Sacr\N{LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE} bleu!>></b>" ) def test_formatter_custom(self): markup = "<b><foo></b><b>bar</b><br/>" soup = self.soup(markup) decoded = soup.decode(formatter = lambda x: x.upper()) # Instead of normal entity conversion code, the custom # callable is called on every string. assert decoded == self.document_for("<b><FOO></b><b>BAR</b><br/>") def test_formatter_is_run_on_attribute_values(self): markup = '<a href="http://a.com?a=b&c=é">e</a>' soup = self.soup(markup) a = soup.a expect_minimal = '<a href="http://a.com?a=b&c=é">e</a>' assert expect_minimal == a.decode() assert expect_minimal == a.decode(formatter="minimal") expect_html = '<a href="http://a.com?a=b&c=é">e</a>' assert expect_html == a.decode(formatter="html") assert markup == a.decode(formatter=None) expect_upper = '<a href="HTTP://A.COM?A=B&C=É">E</a>' assert expect_upper == a.decode(formatter=lambda x: x.upper()) def test_formatter_skips_script_tag_for_html_documents(self): doc = """ <script type="text/javascript"> console.log("< < hey > > "); </script> """ encoded = BeautifulSoup(doc, 'html.parser').encode() assert b"< < hey > >" in encoded def test_formatter_skips_style_tag_for_html_documents(self): doc = """ <style type="text/css"> console.log("< < hey > > "); </style> """ encoded = BeautifulSoup(doc, 'html.parser').encode() assert b"< < hey > >" in encoded def test_prettify_leaves_preformatted_text_alone(self): soup = self.soup("<div> foo <pre> \tbar\n \n </pre> baz <textarea> eee\nfff\t</textarea></div>") # Everything outside the <pre> tag is reformatted, but everything # inside is left alone. assert '<div>\n foo\n <pre> \tbar\n \n </pre>\n baz\n <textarea> eee\nfff\t</textarea>\n</div>' == soup.div.prettify() def test_prettify_accepts_formatter_function(self): soup = BeautifulSoup("<html><body>foo</body></html>", 'html.parser') pretty = soup.prettify(formatter = lambda x: x.upper()) assert "FOO" in pretty def test_prettify_outputs_unicode_by_default(self): soup = self.soup("<a></a>") assert str == type(soup.prettify()) def test_prettify_can_encode_data(self): soup = self.soup("<a></a>") assert bytes == type(soup.prettify("utf-8")) def test_html_entity_substitution_off_by_default(self): markup = "<b>Sacr\N{LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE} bleu!</b>" soup = self.soup(markup) encoded = soup.b.encode("utf-8") assert encoded == markup.encode('utf-8') def test_encoding_substitution(self): # Here's the <meta> tag saying that a document is # encoded in Shift-JIS. meta_tag = ('<meta content="text/html; charset=x-sjis" ' 'http-equiv="Content-type"/>') soup = self.soup(meta_tag) # Parse the document, and the charset apprears unchanged. assert soup.meta['content'] == 'text/html; charset=x-sjis' # Encode the document into some encoding, and the encoding is # substituted into the meta tag. utf_8 = soup.encode("utf-8") assert b"charset=utf-8" in utf_8 euc_jp = soup.encode("euc_jp") assert b"charset=euc_jp" in euc_jp shift_jis = soup.encode("shift-jis") assert b"charset=shift-jis" in shift_jis utf_16_u = soup.encode("utf-16").decode("utf-16") assert "charset=utf-16" in utf_16_u def test_encoding_substitution_doesnt_happen_if_tag_is_strained(self): markup = ('<head><meta content="text/html; charset=x-sjis" ' 'http-equiv="Content-type"/></head><pre>foo</pre>') # Beautiful Soup used to try to rewrite the meta tag even if the # meta tag got filtered out by the strainer. This test makes # sure that doesn't happen. strainer = SoupStrainer('pre') soup = self.soup(markup, parse_only=strainer) assert soup.contents[0].name == 'pre' @pytest.mark.skipif(not SOUP_SIEVE_PRESENT, reason="Soup Sieve not installed") class TestCSSSelectors(SoupTest): """Test basic CSS selector functionality. This functionality is implemented in soupsieve, which has a much more comprehensive test suite, so this is basically an extra check that soupsieve works as expected. """ HTML = """ <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>The title</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="blah.css" type="text/css" id="l1"> </head> <body> <custom-dashed-tag class="dashed" id="dash1">Hello there.</custom-dashed-tag> <div id="main" class="fancy"> <div id="inner"> <h1 id="header1">An H1</h1> <p>Some text</p> <p class="onep" id="p1">Some more text</p> <h2 id="header2">An H2</h2> <p class="class1 class2 class3" id="pmulti">Another</p> <a href="http://bob.example.org/" rel="friend met" id="bob">Bob</a> <h2 id="header3">Another H2</h2> <a id="me" href="http://simonwillison.net/" rel="me">me</a> <span class="s1"> <a href="#" id="s1a1">span1a1</a> <a href="#" id="s1a2">span1a2 <span id="s1a2s1">test</span></a> <span class="span2"> <a href="#" id="s2a1">span2a1</a> </span> <span class="span3"></span> <custom-dashed-tag class="dashed" id="dash2"/> <div data-tag="dashedvalue" id="data1"/> </span> </div> <x id="xid"> <z id="zida"/> <z id="zidab"/> <z id="zidac"/> </x> <y id="yid"> <z id="zidb"/> </y> <p lang="en" id="lang-en">English</p> <p lang="en-gb" id="lang-en-gb">English UK</p> <p lang="en-us" id="lang-en-us">English US</p> <p lang="fr" id="lang-fr">French</p> </div> <div id="footer"> </div> """ def setup_method(self): self.soup = BeautifulSoup(self.HTML, 'html.parser') def assert_selects(self, selector, expected_ids, **kwargs): el_ids = [el['id'] for el in self.soup.select(selector, **kwargs)] el_ids.sort() expected_ids.sort() assert expected_ids == el_ids, "Selector %s, expected [%s], got [%s]" % ( selector, ', '.join(expected_ids), ', '.join(el_ids) ) assertSelect = assert_selects def assert_select_multiple(self, *tests): for selector, expected_ids in tests: self.assert_selects(selector, expected_ids) def test_one_tag_one(self): els = self.soup.select('title') assert len(els) == 1 assert els[0].name == 'title' assert els[0].contents == ['The title'] def test_one_tag_many(self): els = self.soup.select('div') assert len(els) == 4 for div in els: assert div.name == 'div' el = self.soup.select_one('div') assert 'main' == el['id'] def test_select_one_returns_none_if_no_match(self): match = self.soup.select_one('nonexistenttag') assert None == match def test_tag_in_tag_one(self): els = self.soup.select('div div') self.assert_selects('div div', ['inner', 'data1']) def test_tag_in_tag_many(self): for selector in ('html div', 'html body div', 'body div'): self.assert_selects(selector, ['data1', 'main', 'inner', 'footer']) def test_limit(self): self.assert_selects('html div', ['main'], limit=1) self.assert_selects('html body div', ['inner', 'main'], limit=2) self.assert_selects('body div', ['data1', 'main', 'inner', 'footer'], limit=10) def test_tag_no_match(self): assert len(self.soup.select('del')) == 0 def test_invalid_tag(self): with pytest.raises(SelectorSyntaxError): self.soup.select('tag%t') def test_select_dashed_tag_ids(self): self.assert_selects('custom-dashed-tag', ['dash1', 'dash2']) def test_select_dashed_by_id(self): dashed = self.soup.select('custom-dashed-tag[id=\"dash2\"]') assert dashed[0].name == 'custom-dashed-tag' assert dashed[0]['id'] == 'dash2' def test_dashed_tag_text(self): assert self.soup.select('body > custom-dashed-tag')[0].text == 'Hello there.' def test_select_dashed_matches_find_all(self): assert self.soup.select('custom-dashed-tag') == self.soup.find_all('custom-dashed-tag') def test_header_tags(self): self.assert_select_multiple( ('h1', ['header1']), ('h2', ['header2', 'header3']), ) def test_class_one(self): for selector in ('.onep', 'p.onep', 'html p.onep'): els = self.soup.select(selector) assert len(els) == 1 assert els[0].name == 'p' assert els[0]['class'] == ['onep'] def test_class_mismatched_tag(self): els = self.soup.select('div.onep') assert len(els) == 0 def test_one_id(self): for selector in ('div#inner', '#inner', 'div div#inner'): self.assert_selects(selector, ['inner']) def test_bad_id(self): els = self.soup.select('#doesnotexist') assert len(els) == 0 def test_items_in_id(self): els = self.soup.select('div#inner p') assert len(els) == 3 for el in els: assert el.name == 'p' assert els[1]['class'] == ['onep'] assert not els[0].has_attr('class') def test_a_bunch_of_emptys(self): for selector in ('div#main del', 'div#main div.oops', 'div div#main'): assert len(self.soup.select(selector)) == 0 def test_multi_class_support(self): for selector in ('.class1', 'p.class1', '.class2', 'p.class2', '.class3', 'p.class3', 'html p.class2', 'div#inner .class2'): self.assert_selects(selector, ['pmulti']) def test_multi_class_selection(self): for selector in ('.class1.class3', '.class3.class2', '.class1.class2.class3'): self.assert_selects(selector, ['pmulti']) def test_child_selector(self): self.assert_selects('.s1 > a', ['s1a1', 's1a2']) self.assert_selects('.s1 > a span', ['s1a2s1']) def test_child_selector_id(self): self.assert_selects('.s1 > a#s1a2 span', ['s1a2s1']) def test_attribute_equals(self): self.assert_select_multiple( ('p[class="onep"]', ['p1']), ('p[id="p1"]', ['p1']), ('[class="onep"]', ['p1']), ('[id="p1"]', ['p1']), ('link[rel="stylesheet"]', ['l1']), ('link[type="text/css"]', ['l1']), ('link[href="blah.css"]', ['l1']), ('link[href="no-blah.css"]', []), ('[rel="stylesheet"]', ['l1']), ('[type="text/css"]', ['l1']), ('[href="blah.css"]', ['l1']), ('[href="no-blah.css"]', []), ('p[href="no-blah.css"]', []), ('[href="no-blah.css"]', []), ) def test_attribute_tilde(self): self.assert_select_multiple( ('p[class~="class1"]', ['pmulti']), ('p[class~="class2"]', ['pmulti']), ('p[class~="class3"]', ['pmulti']), ('[class~="class1"]', ['pmulti']), ('[class~="class2"]', ['pmulti']), ('[class~="class3"]', ['pmulti']), ('a[rel~="friend"]', ['bob']), ('a[rel~="met"]', ['bob']), ('[rel~="friend"]', ['bob']), ('[rel~="met"]', ['bob']), ) def test_attribute_startswith(self): self.assert_select_multiple( ('[rel^="style"]', ['l1']), ('link[rel^="style"]', ['l1']), ('notlink[rel^="notstyle"]', []), ('[rel^="notstyle"]', []), ('link[rel^="notstyle"]', []), ('link[href^="bla"]', ['l1']), ('a[href^="http://"]', ['bob', 'me']), ('[href^="http://"]', ['bob', 'me']), ('[id^="p"]', ['pmulti', 'p1']), ('[id^="m"]', ['me', 'main']), ('div[id^="m"]', ['main']), ('a[id^="m"]', ['me']), ('div[data-tag^="dashed"]', ['data1']) ) def test_attribute_endswith(self): self.assert_select_multiple( ('[href$=".css"]', ['l1']), ('link[href$=".css"]', ['l1']), ('link[id$="1"]', ['l1']), ('[id$="1"]', ['data1', 'l1', 'p1', 'header1', 's1a1', 's2a1', 's1a2s1', 'dash1']), ('div[id$="1"]', ['data1']), ('[id$="noending"]', []), ) def test_attribute_contains(self): self.assert_select_multiple( # From test_attribute_startswith ('[rel*="style"]', ['l1']), ('link[rel*="style"]', ['l1']), ('notlink[rel*="notstyle"]', []), ('[rel*="notstyle"]', []), ('link[rel*="notstyle"]', []), ('link[href*="bla"]', ['l1']), ('[href*="http://"]', ['bob', 'me']), ('[id*="p"]', ['pmulti', 'p1']), ('div[id*="m"]', ['main']), ('a[id*="m"]', ['me']), # From test_attribute_endswith ('[href*=".css"]', ['l1']), ('link[href*=".css"]', ['l1']), ('link[id*="1"]', ['l1']), ('[id*="1"]', ['data1', 'l1', 'p1', 'header1', 's1a1', 's1a2', 's2a1', 's1a2s1', 'dash1']), ('div[id*="1"]', ['data1']), ('[id*="noending"]', []), # New for this test ('[href*="."]', ['bob', 'me', 'l1']), ('a[href*="."]', ['bob', 'me']), ('link[href*="."]', ['l1']), ('div[id*="n"]', ['main', 'inner']), ('div[id*="nn"]', ['inner']), ('div[data-tag*="edval"]', ['data1']) ) def test_attribute_exact_or_hypen(self): self.assert_select_multiple( ('p[lang|="en"]', ['lang-en', 'lang-en-gb', 'lang-en-us']), ('[lang|="en"]', ['lang-en', 'lang-en-gb', 'lang-en-us']), ('p[lang|="fr"]', ['lang-fr']), ('p[lang|="gb"]', []), ) def test_attribute_exists(self): self.assert_select_multiple( ('[rel]', ['l1', 'bob', 'me']), ('link[rel]', ['l1']), ('a[rel]', ['bob', 'me']), ('[lang]', ['lang-en', 'lang-en-gb', 'lang-en-us', 'lang-fr']), ('p[class]', ['p1', 'pmulti']), ('[blah]', []), ('p[blah]', []), ('div[data-tag]', ['data1']) ) def test_quoted_space_in_selector_name(self): html = """<div style="display: wrong">nope</div> <div style="display: right">yes</div> """ soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser') [chosen] = soup.select('div[style="display: right"]') assert "yes" == chosen.string def test_unsupported_pseudoclass(self): with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError): self.soup.select("a:no-such-pseudoclass") with pytest.raises(SelectorSyntaxError): self.soup.select("a:nth-of-type(a)") def test_nth_of_type(self): # Try to select first paragraph els = self.soup.select('div#inner p:nth-of-type(1)') assert len(els) == 1 assert els[0].string == 'Some text' # Try to select third paragraph els = self.soup.select('div#inner p:nth-of-type(3)') assert len(els) == 1 assert els[0].string == 'Another' # Try to select (non-existent!) fourth paragraph els = self.soup.select('div#inner p:nth-of-type(4)') assert len(els) == 0 # Zero will select no tags. els = self.soup.select('div p:nth-of-type(0)') assert len(els) == 0 def test_nth_of_type_direct_descendant(self): els = self.soup.select('div#inner > p:nth-of-type(1)') assert len(els) == 1 assert els[0].string == 'Some text' def test_id_child_selector_nth_of_type(self): self.assert_selects('#inner > p:nth-of-type(2)', ['p1']) def test_select_on_element(self): # Other tests operate on the tree; this operates on an element # within the tree. inner = self.soup.find("div", id="main") selected = inner.select("div") # The <div id="inner"> tag was selected. The <div id="footer"> # tag was not. self.assert_selects_ids(selected, ['inner', 'data1']) def test_overspecified_child_id(self): self.assert_selects(".fancy #inner", ['inner']) self.assert_selects(".normal #inner", []) def test_adjacent_sibling_selector(self): self.assert_selects('#p1 + h2', ['header2']) self.assert_selects('#p1 + h2 + p', ['pmulti']) self.assert_selects('#p1 + #header2 + .class1', ['pmulti']) assert [] == self.soup.select('#p1 + p') def test_general_sibling_selector(self): self.assert_selects('#p1 ~ h2', ['header2', 'header3']) self.assert_selects('#p1 ~ #header2', ['header2']) self.assert_selects('#p1 ~ h2 + a', ['me']) self.assert_selects('#p1 ~ h2 + [rel="me"]', ['me']) assert [] == self.soup.select('#inner ~ h2') def test_dangling_combinator(self): with pytest.raises(SelectorSyntaxError): self.soup.select('h1 >') def test_sibling_combinator_wont_select_same_tag_twice(self): self.assert_selects('p[lang] ~ p', ['lang-en-gb', 'lang-en-us', 'lang-fr']) # Test the selector grouping operator (the comma) def test_multiple_select(self): self.assert_selects('x, y', ['xid', 'yid']) def test_multiple_select_with_no_space(self): self.assert_selects('x,y', ['xid', 'yid']) def test_multiple_select_with_more_space(self): self.assert_selects('x, y', ['xid', 'yid']) def test_multiple_select_duplicated(self): self.assert_selects('x, x', ['xid']) def test_multiple_select_sibling(self): self.assert_selects('x, y ~ p[lang=fr]', ['xid', 'lang-fr']) def test_multiple_select_tag_and_direct_descendant(self): self.assert_selects('x, y > z', ['xid', 'zidb']) def test_multiple_select_direct_descendant_and_tags(self): self.assert_selects('div > x, y, z', ['xid', 'yid', 'zida', 'zidb', 'zidab', 'zidac']) def test_multiple_select_indirect_descendant(self): self.assert_selects('div x,y, z', ['xid', 'yid', 'zida', 'zidb', 'zidab', 'zidac']) def test_invalid_multiple_select(self): with pytest.raises(SelectorSyntaxError): self.soup.select(',x, y') with pytest.raises(SelectorSyntaxError): self.soup.select('x,,y') def test_multiple_select_attrs(self): self.assert_selects('p[lang=en], p[lang=en-gb]', ['lang-en', 'lang-en-gb']) def test_multiple_select_ids(self): self.assert_selects('x, y > z[id=zida], z[id=zidab], z[id=zidb]', ['xid', 'zidb', 'zidab']) def test_multiple_select_nested(self): self.assert_selects('body > div > x, y > z', ['xid', 'zidb']) def test_select_duplicate_elements(self): # When markup contains duplicate elements, a multiple select # will find all of them. markup = '<div class="c1"/><div class="c2"/><div class="c1"/>' soup = BeautifulSoup(markup, 'html.parser') selected = soup.select(".c1, .c2") assert 3 == len(selected) # Verify that find_all finds the same elements, though because # of an implementation detail it finds them in a different # order. for element in soup.find_all(class_=['c1', 'c2']): assert element in selected class TestPersistence(SoupTest): "Testing features like pickle and deepcopy." def setup_method(self): self.page = """<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/transitional.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title>Beautiful Soup: We called him Tortoise because he taught us.</title> <link rev="made" href="mailto:leonardr@segfault.org"> <meta name="Description" content="Beautiful Soup: an HTML parser optimized for screen-scraping."> <meta name="generator" content="Markov Approximation 1.4 (module: leonardr)"> <meta name="author" content="Leonard Richardson"> </head> <body> <a href="foo">foo</a> <a href="foo"><b>bar</b></a> </body> </html>""" self.tree = self.soup(self.page) def test_pickle_and_unpickle_identity(self): # Pickling a tree, then unpickling it, yields a tree identical # to the original. dumped = pickle.dumps(self.tree, 2) loaded = pickle.loads(dumped) assert loaded.__class__ == BeautifulSoup assert loaded.decode() == self.tree.decode() def test_deepcopy_identity(self): # Making a deepcopy of a tree yields an identical tree. copied = copy.deepcopy(self.tree) assert copied.decode() == self.tree.decode() def test_copy_preserves_encoding(self): soup = BeautifulSoup(b'<p> </p>', 'html.parser') encoding = soup.original_encoding copy = soup.__copy__() assert "<p> </p>" == str(copy) assert encoding == copy.original_encoding def test_copy_preserves_builder_information(self): tag = self.soup('<p></p>').p # Simulate a tag obtained from a source file. tag.sourceline = 10 tag.sourcepos = 33 copied = tag.__copy__() # The TreeBuilder object is no longer availble, but information # obtained from it gets copied over to the new Tag object. assert tag.sourceline == copied.sourceline assert tag.sourcepos == copied.sourcepos assert tag.can_be_empty_element == copied.can_be_empty_element assert tag.cdata_list_attributes == copied.cdata_list_attributes assert tag.preserve_whitespace_tags == copied.preserve_whitespace_tags assert tag.interesting_string_types == copied.interesting_string_types def test_unicode_pickle(self): # A tree containing Unicode characters can be pickled. html = "<b>\N{SNOWMAN}</b>" soup = self.soup(html) dumped = pickle.dumps(soup, pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL) loaded = pickle.loads(dumped) assert loaded.decode() == soup.decode() def test_copy_navigablestring_is_not_attached_to_tree(self): html = "<b>Foo<a></a></b><b>Bar</b>" soup = self.soup(html) s1 = soup.find(string="Foo") s2 = copy.copy(s1) assert s1 == s2 assert None == s2.parent assert None == s2.next_element assert None != s1.next_sibling assert None == s2.next_sibling assert None == s2.previous_element def test_copy_navigablestring_subclass_has_same_type(self): html = "<b><!--Foo--></b>" soup = self.soup(html) s1 = soup.string s2 = copy.copy(s1) assert s1 == s2 assert isinstance(s2, Comment) def test_copy_entire_soup(self): html = "<div><b>Foo<a></a></b><b>Bar</b></div>end" soup = self.soup(html) soup_copy = copy.copy(soup) assert soup == soup_copy def test_copy_tag_copies_contents(self): html = "<div><b>Foo<a></a></b><b>Bar</b></div>end" soup = self.soup(html) div = soup.div div_copy = copy.copy(div) # The two tags look the same, and evaluate to equal. assert str(div) == str(div_copy) assert div == div_copy # But they're not the same object. assert div is not div_copy # And they don't have the same relation to the parse tree. The # copy is not associated with a parse tree at all. assert None == div_copy.parent assert None == div_copy.previous_element assert None == div_copy.find(string='Bar').next_element assert None != div.find(string='Bar').next_element