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Edit File: document.rdoc

== Class Document

Class Document has methods from its superclasses and included modules;
see:

- {Tasks for Element}[element_rdoc.html].
- {Tasks for Parent}[parent_rdoc.html].
- {Tasks for Child}[child_rdoc.html].
- {Tasks for Node}[node_rdoc.html].
- {Module Enumerable}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/Enumerable.html].

:include: ../tocs/document_toc.rdoc

=== New Document

==== Task: Create an Empty Document

Use method {Document::new}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-c-new]
to create an empty document.

d = REXML::Document.new

==== Task: Parse a \String into a New Document

Use method {Document::new}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-c-new]
to parse an XML string into a new document:

xml_string = '<root><a/>textmore<c/></root>'
 d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
 d.root # => <root> ... </>

==== Task: Parse an \IO Stream into a New Document

Use method {Document::new}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-c-new]
to parse an XML \IO stream into a new document:

xml_string = '<root><a/>textmore<c/></root>'
 File.write('t.xml', xml_string)
 d = File.open('t.xml', 'r') do |file|
 REXML::Document.new(file)
 end
 d.root # => <root> ... </>

==== Task: Create a Document from an Existing Document

Use method {Document::new}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-c-new]
to create a document from an existing document.
The context and attributes are copied to the new document,
but not the children:

xml_string = '<root><a/>textmore<c/></root>'
 d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
 d.children # => [<root> ... </>]
 d.context = {raw: :all, compress_whitespace: :all}
 d.add_attributes({'bar' => 0, 'baz' => 1})
 d1 = REXML::Document.new(d)
 d1.context # => {:raw=>:all, :compress_whitespace=>:all}
 d1.attributes # => {"bar"=>bar='0', "baz"=>baz='1'}
 d1.children # => []

==== Task: Clone a Document

Use method {Document#clone}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-i-clone]
to clone a document.
The context and attributes are copied to the new document,
but not the children:

xml_string = '<root><a/>textmore<c/></root>'
 d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
 d.children # => [<root> ... </>]
 d.context = {raw: :all, compress_whitespace: :all}
 d.add_attributes({'bar' => 0, 'baz' => 1})
 d1 = d.clone # => < bar='0' baz='1'/>
 d1.context # => {:raw=>:all, :compress_whitespace=>:all}
 d1.attributes # => {"bar"=>bar='0', "baz"=>baz='1'}
 d1.children # => []

=== Document Type

==== Task: Get the Document Type

Use method {Document#doctype}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-i-doctype]
to get the document type:

d = REXML::Document.new('<!DOCTYPE document SYSTEM "subjects.dtd">')
 d.doctype.class # => REXML::DocType
 d = REXML::Document.new('')
 d.doctype.class # => nil

==== Task: Set the Document Type

Use method {document#add}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-i-add]
to add or replace the document type:

d = REXML::Document.new('')
  d.doctype.class # => nil
  d.add(REXML::DocType.new('foo'))
  d.doctype.class # => REXML::DocType

=== XML Declaration

==== Task: Get the XML Declaration

Use method {document#xml_decl}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-i-xml_decl]
to get the XML declaration:

d = REXML::Document.new('<!DOCTYPE document SYSTEM "subjects.dtd">')
 d.xml_decl.class # => REXML::XMLDecl
 d.xml_decl # => <?xml ... ?>
 d = REXML::Document.new('')
 d.xml_decl.class # => REXML::XMLDecl
 d.xml_decl # => <?xml ... ?>

==== Task: Set the XML Declaration

Use method {document#add}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-i-add]
to replace the XML declaration:

d = REXML::Document.new('<!DOCTYPE document SYSTEM "subjects.dtd">')
 d.add(REXML::XMLDecl.new)

=== Children

==== Task: Add an Element Child

Use method
{document#add_element}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-i-add_element]
to add an element to the document:

d = REXML::Document.new('')
 d.add_element(REXML::Element.new('root'))
 d.children # => [<root/>]

==== Task: Add a Non-Element Child

Use method
{document#add}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-i-add]
to add a non-element to the document:

xml_string = '<root><a/>textmore<c/></root>'
 d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
 d.add(REXML::Text.new('foo'))
 d.children # => [<root> ... </>, "foo"]

=== Writing

==== Task: Write to $stdout

Use method
{document#write}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-i-write]
to write the document to <tt>$stdout</tt>:

xml_string = '<root><a/>textmore<c/></root>'
 d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
 d.write

Output:

<root><a/>textmore<c/></root>

==== Task: Write to IO Stream

Use method
{document#write}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-i-write]
to write the document to <tt>$stdout</tt>:

xml_string = '<root><a/>textmore<c/></root>'
 d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
 File.open('t.xml', 'w') do |file|
 d.write(file)
 end
 p File.read('t.xml')

Output:

"<root><a/>textmore<c/></root>"

==== Task: Write with No Indentation

Use method
{document#write}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-i-write]
to write the document with no indentation:

xml_string = '<root><a><c></c></a></root>'
 d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
 d.write({indent: 0})

Output:

==== Task: Write with Specified Indentation

Use method
{document#write}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-i-write]
to write the document with a specified indentation:

xml_string = '<root><a><c></c></a></root>'
 d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
 d.write({indent: 2})

Output:

=== Querying

==== Task: Get the Document

Use method
{document#document}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-i-document]
to get the document (+self+); overrides <tt>Element#document</tt>:

xml_string = '<root><a><c></c></a></root>'
 d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
 d.document == d # => true

==== Task: Get the Encoding

Use method
{document#document}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-i-document]
to get the document (+self+); overrides <tt>Element#document</tt>:

xml_string = '<root><a><c></c></a></root>'
 d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
 d.encoding # => "UTF-8"

==== Task: Get the Node Type

Use method
{document#node_type}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-i-node_type]
to get the node type (+:document+); overrides <tt>Element#node_type</tt>:

xml_string = '<root><a><c></c></a></root>'
 d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
 d.node_type # => :document

==== Task: Get the Root Element

Use method
{document#root}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-i-root]
to get the root element:

xml_string = '<root><a><c></c></a></root>'
 d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
 d.root # => <root> ... </>

==== Task: Determine Whether Stand-Alone

Use method
{document#stand_alone?}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-i-stand_alone-3F]
to get the stand-alone value:

d = REXML::Document.new('<?xml standalone="yes"?>')
 d.stand_alone? # => "yes"

==== Task: Get the Version

Use method
{document#version}[../../../../REXML/Document.html#method-i-version]
to get the version:

d = REXML::Document.new('<?xml version="2.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>')
 d.version # => "2.0"

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